The Bannock briefly crosses the Stirling Sill, at NS770907, in a region where it transgresses (changes its level within the sedimentary formation) and is therefore at a lower level than in the craggy cliffs of Craigend and Murrayshall, where it forms the uppermost strata.īelow that point the Bannock traverses mainly sedimentary bedrock (although the Stirling Sill lies below, at great depth, throughout its lower course), and appears at the surface near the site of Beaton's Mill, with varying cover of sediments, including sand, gravel, tills and clays. In the Craigend area and Touchadam Quarry the lower limestone is exposed on both sides of the burn, and in its bed, and was mined as described below. Moving downstream, at approximately NS742876, where the Bannock begins to enter a significant valley, the basalt gives way to the Lower Limestone Formation of the Carboniferous period, with minimal soil cover on the right bank, while the volcanic formation continues to form or come close to the left bank. The upper reaches of the Bannock are in peat bog on a base of volcanic rocks, mainly basalt, of Carboniferous age. The main reason for the type of agriculture and former industries of the Bannock Valley is due to the underlying geology. Another ruined fort is located on the NW side of Gillies Hill, not actually in the Bannock valley. Other duns in the area are Castlehill 1, Castlehill 2, and Castlehill Wood. A few minor artifacts were found, including fragments of rotary and saddle type quern stones, a piece of slag and a stone with a groove, possibly for sharpening needles. A trench was cut across the line of the wall and into the interior, revealing that the wall was about 11 feet thick and exposing other interesting constructional features. Scottish Regional Group of the Council for British Archaeology. The Dun at Wallstale (NS774909) was partly excavated in June 1965. Several duns are to be found in the Graigend and Murrayshall area and a fort on Lewis Hill. ![]() The upper part of the valley of the Bannock Burn appears to have been inhabited in the Iron Age. The Battle of Sauchieburn (1488) was also fought close to the Bannock Burn. A nearby town, nowadays a suburb of Stirling, is accordingly called Bannockburn. The burn itself meanders and is considerably longer. The Bannock flows eastward and enters the River Forth to the east of Stirling, close to the site of the Battle of Bannockburn (1314), about 7.58 miles (12.20 km) from its source. The Bannock Burn ( Scottish Gaelic: Allt a' Bhonnaich) is a stream ( burn is Scots for stream) which rises at about 1,300 feet (400 m) on Touchadam Moor, NS715891, just to the north of Earl's Hill in the Touch Hills to the south-west of Stirling in central Scotland.
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